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Squarial   by hi joiney

History

The Squarial was launched at a high profile event in MarcoPolo house, BSB's headquarters. The media were invited to a demonstration to see how much better MAC pictures could be than PAL. But MAC took a back seat when BSB unveiled the mock up Squarial, to replace the dish aerials usually needed for satellite reception. The Squarial was a surprise to everyone, including the four companies which had signed to manufacture the receivers which would have to work with the new aerial. The Squarial deal, with British company Fortel, had been struck only hours before the London event. BSB was itself surprised at the press reaction.

Press and TV crews were in such hurry to report the news that they forgot to ask if it worked. It did not. All that existed was a wood-and-plastic dummy. Believing that someone would be able to make the Squarial work as well as a much larger dish, BSB built a whole advertising campaign on the Squarial. STC in Paignton was the first company to make a British Squarial. These were a little bigger, 38 cm across, to provide adequate reception throughout the UK, and more expensive than a dish.[citation needed] Due to production delays and limited availability of the STC squarial and to save face at launch, BSB sourced already available Squarials from Matsushita in Japan who were producing them in quantity for the Japanese market, industry rumours at the time of launch suggested that BSB were buying in the squarials from Matsushita for several hundred pounds each and heavily subsidising the cost to the 4 manufacturers of DMAC receiver. The Matsushita squarial was of a slightly better build quality compared to the STC design and was used by Ferguson, Philips and Tatung while ITT-Nokia supplied the SCT squarial. However all offered the 30cm traditional mini dish for a slightly lower price (several dish manufacturers were used including Lenson Heath and Channel Master)

Technology

Technology-wise, the Squarial pioneered a system of layered circuitry, effectively thin sheets of plastic embedded with the conductive reception nodes. Three of these sheets were stacked upon each other, padded with polystyrene layers to add rigidity to the unit. This is now commonly known as a 'phased array' setup. All this was engineered into a 38 cm wide plastic body, presented in white and adorned with the BSB logo at the bottom. The LNB (manufactured by Matsushita) was based in the center, behind the layers, and contained a simple reception unit in line with other satellite antennae of the time. It was rated as a 10 GHz standard unit.

The Squarial's small size was possible thanks to the high power of the two Marcopolo DBS satellites, which simulcast the same channels on the same frequencies. The broadcast power was 59dBW, with a 0.05 degree accuracy.

Manufacturers of the DMAC receivers used with the Squarial included, Ferguson, Phillips, Nokia and Tatung.

Modification

The Squarial was a highly specified unit, designed specifically for operation on the Marco Polo satellites frequency range. As such the LNB can only tune a limited range of frequencies, and when utilised in modern circumstances the frequency is subsequently out of phase by around 100 MHz.

Many people[weasel words] modified the squarial to operate with the Thor satellite system (formerly BSB's own satellites, Marcopolo) after the decline of BSB. This was due in large part to the highly discounted price of the unit during the final months of BSB's existence. D2MAC programmes could be picked up from the Scandinavian satellites during the early 1990s and viewed using modified receivers. ( Latterly, once transmissions ceased from these satellites, Squarials could be used to receive broadcasts from the French terrestrial relay satellites at 5.0w.

BSB's alternative dishes have also been used successfully to tune into modern broadcast transmissions, whilst testing has been limited, analogue transmissions from the Astra & Hotbird satellites are reported to have been tuned.

Design and brand

BSB placed the Squarial at the heart of its advertising campaign, using the diamond shape throughout all of its channel logos and on screen presentation. This square/diamond image extended down to BSB's corporate logo and even printed and televisual advertising mediums. This led to the company's slogan (used throughout the company's existence) "It's smart to be square".

The unique appearance was a design first for satellite antennae, its flat plate measured only a few millimetres thick and the LNB unit protruded another 3 cm from the rear. It was built to a very high standard, featuring good quality plastics, weather resistant coatings and stainless steel mounting arm. Compared with the amstrad setups offered by SKY  made from cheap metal  the Squarial offered a much more attractive setup.

Alternatives

BSB offered two alternatives to the squarial, the cheaper more conventional looking mini-dish format and the rounded-rectangle format dish.

The first revision was in the shape of a vertical ellipse of roughly 30 cm in diameter. The design employed a short LNB arm with a 'spike' design LNB operating at a frequency of 10 GHz. Essentially this design could be considered the forerunner to BSkyB's minidish. The second revision took on the appearance of a perfectly circular dish (around 25 cm in diameter), using a standard LNB at 10 GHz. In essence both function like a normal satellite dish, only scaled down.

References

^ What Satellite: Blog, http://blog.wotsat.com/page/whatsat?entry=issue_250_special_the_legacy 4th May 2007, Accessed 19.02.2009.

^ Lockley, R: Analoguesat Website', http://www.selkirkshire.demon.co.uk/analoguesat/bsb.html May 2003, Accessed 19.02.2009.

^ Colin: Colin's personal homepage, http://www.colin99.co.uk/bsb January 2005, Accessed 19.02.2009.

^ Lockley, R: DigitalSpy Forum Post, 19.01.2007, Accessed 19.02.2009

^ TellyAds: BSB Television Advert, http://www.tellyads.com/show_movie_vintage.php?filename=VA0604 19.01.2007, Accessed 19.02.2009.

Bibliography

Peter Chippindale, Suzanne Franks and Roma Felstein, Dished!: Rise and Fall of British Satellite Broadcasting, (London: Simon & Schuster Ltd, 1991).

External links

"BSB and Squarials". http://www.colin99.co.uk/bsb.html. Retrieved 2009-02-08. 

"BSB Promo Video clip  Orbitalzone.Com". http://www.orbitalzone.com/videoclips.htm. Retrieved 2009-02-10. 

"TVARK  British Satellite Broadcasting". http://www2.tv-ark.org.uk/skytv/bsb.html. Retrieved 2009-02-09. 

v  d  e

British Satellite Broadcasting

Channels

Galaxy The Movie Channel Now The Power Station The Sports Channel

Replaced by

Sky One Retained Sky News & Sky Arts Sky Movies Sky Sports

Other

Marco Polo House Marcopolo British Sky Broadcasting Sky Television plc

v  d  e

British Sky Broadcasting

Channels

Sky1 Sky2 Sky3 Sky Arts Sky Box Office Sky Movies Sky News Sky Sports Sky Sports News Sky Real Lives Sky Travel Sky Betting and Gaming

Defunct Channels

Sky 2 Sky Arts (defunct channel) Sky Soap Sky Scottish.tv The Amp The Comedy Channel Sky News Ireland

Joint Ventures

At the Races History MUTV Music Choice Nickelodeon Comedy Central & Extra Sky News Australia Sky News Business Channel MGM HD

See also

Sky Digital Freesat from Sky Sky Sports Active Sky Magazine Sky Kids Sky+ HD Sky Broadband Sky Anytime Sky Active Sky Text Sky+ Sky Picnic Sky Multichannels British Satellite Broadcasting Sky Television plc Granada Sky Broadcasting Digibox Minidish

Categories: Direct broadcast satellite services | Satellite television | Media companies of the United Kingdom | BSkyB television channelsHidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from July 2009 | All articles with specifically-marked weasel-worded phrases | Articles with specifically-marked weasel-worded phrases from July 2009

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